The second largest city in the country and Moravia's traditional capital, Brno was also the historic seat of the Přemyslid dynasty. King Wenceslas I awarded Brno municipal status as early as 1243. The city's skyline is dominated by Špilberk Castle, where an early-Gothic palace with two chapels still stands. Later on, the castle was converted into a baroque fortress, and in the 19th century, it became known as the infamous "Jail of Nations". Petrov hill is topped by the Gothic St. Peter and Paul Cathedral. At the beginning of the 16th century, the Old Town Hall portal was built featuring a crooked pinnacle, a late Gothic peculiarity. Worth at least brief mention are several other historical buildings: the monastery and convent buildings of religious orders, the Parnas fountain in the Baroque-naturalist style, the Bishop's Court, the Renaissance palace of the Lords of Lipá and Kunštát, the Church of St. Jakub (James), and the Hausperg Palace, nowadays the location of the Goose on a String Theater. Brno is also an important center for modern architecture. The late-19th century Klein Palace was among the first structures built using modern technology (cast iron features, flushable toilets, etc.). The Mahen Theater was the first theater in the country to use electricity throughout the building. Among other prominent buildings are Art Nouveau early modernist and functionalist structures. The German architect Mies van der Rohe's 1929 villa Tugendhat is an outstanding example of functionalist architecture and a milestone in the development of modern architecture worldwide. Among other major modernist structures is the Brno Exhibition Center, whose set of buildings (built over a period of forty years, from the 1930s to 1960s) makes up a harmonious whole. Over 50 fairs and exhibitions take place here annually. Brno also offers destinations outside the city center, such as the city zoo, botanical gardens, arboretum, and extensive orchards. Motor sports enthusiasts flock to the Automotodrom Brno and the new Masaryk Circuit, a venue for the World Moto Grand Prix. Brno is the seat of the South Moravian Regional Administration (hejtmanstvi Jihomoravského kraje).